Fiber optic patchcords come with various connector types, including SC, ST, FC, LC, MTRJ, and E2000. So how do you choose the right fiber patchcord for your network? Choosing the correct fiber optical patch cord is crucial when building a network, as it directly impacts the speed, quality, and reliability of data transmission. The following six steps can help you select the appropriate fiber optic patch cord for your network.
The connector type determines which devices the fiber patch cables is compatible with. Common connector types include SC, ST, FC, LC, MTRJ, and E2000. LC connectors are often used in high-density environments due to their small and compact size, while SC and ST connectors are common in traditional networks. MPO and MTP connectors are used for multi-fiber cables and are suitable for high-speed transmission. Ensure that the connectors at both ends of the optical patch cord match the device ports, or use adapters to convert between different types.
Fiber optic cables are divided into two types: single-mode and multi-mode. Single-mode fiber (such as OS2) uses a 9/125µm core and is suitable for long-distance transmission, usually identified by a yellow jacket. Multi-mode fiber (such as OM1, OM2, OM3, OM4) comes in two specifications: 50/125µm and 62.5/125µm, and is suitable for short-distance communication. Multi-mode fiber jackets are usually orange or blue. Multi-mode fiber is less expensive and suitable for local area network (LAN) applications; single-mode fiber is suitable for wide area networks (WANs) and metropolitan area networks (MANs).
Simplex optical patch cords contain only one fiber and are suitable for bidirectional (BIDI) optical modules. Duplex fiber patchcords, on the other hand, contain two fibers and are used for bidirectional communication with standard optical modules. Duplex fiber patch cables offer higher bandwidth and stability, but are relatively more expensive.
The length of the fiber patchcord should be selected based on the actual distance between the devices. Common lengths include 1m, 5m, 10m, 20m, 30m, and 50m. Overly long fiber patch cables may lead to signal loss, while overly short ones may make installation difficult. Custom-made fiber optic patchcord lengths can ensure optimal performance.
Connector polishing is divided into UPC (Ultra Physical Contact) and APC (Angled Physical Contact). UPC connectors have lower loss and are suitable for most applications. APC connectors have even lower return loss and are suitable for applications sensitive to return loss, such as FTTx, PON, and WDM systems. APC connectors are usually green, while UPC connectors are blue.
The sheath material affects the fire rating and durability of the fiber optical patch cord. PVC is the most economical option, but its fire resistance is only average; LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) material is environmentally friendly and flame-retardant, suitable for indoor environments; OFNP (Optical Fiber Non-Conductive Plenum) meets American fire safety standards, is self-extinguishing, and suitable for data centers. Choose a fiber optic patchcord with the appropriate material based on environmental safety requirements and budget.
When selecting fiber optic patchcords, you need to consider factors such as network requirements, equipment compatibility, transmission distance, signal quality, and security. By following these six steps, you can make informed decisions and ensure the efficient operation of your network system.
